Which of the following findings is considered normal during the physical examination of a pregnant patient?

During the physical examination of a pregnant patient, an increased second heart sound split with inspiration is considered a normal finding. This phenomenon occurs due to the increased blood volume and cardiac output associated with pregnancy. The increased blood flow through the heart can lead to heightened splitting of the heart sounds, particularly during inspiration when intrathoracic pressure decreases, allowing for greater return of blood to the right side of the heart.

This physiological change reflects the normal adaptation of the cardiovascular system during pregnancy. In contrast, other findings can indicate potential complications. For example, while diastolic murmurs can be common, they should be interpreted with caution and not all are considered benign, especially if other symptoms are present. Facial edema can occur in pregnancy but can also suggest more serious conditions like preeclampsia if it is significant or sudden. Hyperreflexia is generally not an expected finding and can indicate neurological issues or other underlying conditions, especially if there’s a change from baseline reflexes. Overall, the increased splitting of the second heart sound is a well-documented, benign adaptation of the cardiovascular system during pregnancy.